Computer Knowledge Basics for Bank online Aptitude Tests

Computer Basics for Bank online Aptitude Tests :- Welcome to Latestgovtjobs.net.in Nowadays computer knowledge is quite essential to everybody. Any educated person without Computer Knowledge will be treated as Computer-illiterate. One must know the basic fundamentals to understand the functioning of a computer. If you are interested to know more about computer basics for attending online aptitude tests for bank exams, then you are right place now. A good stuff is provided here regarding computer basics which are essential for computer knowledge for online aptitude tests. Most of the questions on Computer basics for bank exams are designed from software, hardware, operating system and different parts of computer. All the topics generally covered in competitive exams, particularly in online aptitude tests of Banks, are provided here exclusively for you to enhance your capability and scoring capacity.

COMPUTER

Computer is an electronic device or programmable machine that manipulates information or data (input) and produces the result (output). It has the ability of storing, retrieving and processing the data. It is composed of hardware and software in it.

Functioning

Input Devices – Access the data

Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Process the data

Output Devices- Produces the result

Storage Devices (RAM) – Stores the result

Hope!! You understood this concept how computer access the data (input) and provides the output using some major components. Explanation is given for each and every component at below.

HARDWARE

Term hardware refers to physical components or elements of the computer like keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Printer, Disk and Chips.

SOFTWARE

Computer knowledgeTerm Software refers to set of instructions that tell the hardwarewhat to do.

Software will be loaded from Disk to RAM (Random Access Memory)
Some of the examples are Games, web browsers and word processors such as Microsoft word

Can a computer run without software ?

Yes, it is possible .But if u wants to create some documents and power points you need some software’s.
For example if you want to create a document you need word processor
Software will give some additional capabilities to your computer

To prepare the Food, Vegetables are required and to preserve the Vegetables, a Refrigerator is essential. Similarly to run a program Software is required and to establish the Software, Hardware is essential.

Hope you understood this. Let’s move to hardware components.

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

Internal hardware components

CPU
Mother Board
RAM
Sound Card
Video Card
Hard Drive
DVD

External Hardware components

Keyboard
Mouse
Printer
Scanner
Monitor
Speakers

Input Devices (accesses the data)

Devices which helps us to interact with computer is nothing but input devices
Ex: Keyboard and Mouse

Output Devices (provides the output)

Devices which sends back the information to you is nothing but Output Devices
Ex: Monitor and Printer

Central Processing Unit (processes the data)

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Central Processing Unit is also called as the “Brain of the Computer” or Main Processor which controls all the systems inner functions.
It is very easy to replace because it is inserted into the socket and is not soldered onto the motherboard

A computer may contain more than one CPU which is nothing but MULTIPROCESSING

Two main parts of CPU are

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
Control Unit (CU).

Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): ALU is also called as basic building blocks of Central Processing Unit, which performs all arithmetic and logical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division

Control Unit (CU): Control Unit controls the entire processing. It helps in the communication between Memory and ALU

Memory (stores the result)

A place where we can store the data or set of instructions to access them while performing the operations.
There are two types of memories (storage devices)

RAM (Random Access Memory)
ROM (Read Only Memory)

RAM (Random Access Memory)

RAM (Random Access Memory) is one of the storage devices which performs both read and write operations. But RAM is Volatile in nature it loses the data when there is no power supply. It is fast while programming when compared to ROM

There are two types of RAM

DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory)
SRAM ( Static Random Access Memory)

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Main advantage of ROM is that we can easily alter the data or reprogrammable. Advantage of ROM is Non –Volatile in nature which does not loses any data when there is no power supply. Motherboard may consist of more than one ROM chips.

Types of ROM :

ROM- Read only Memory
PROM- Programmable Read only Memory
EPROM- Erasable Programmable Read only Memory
EEPROM- Electrically Erasable Programmable Read only Memory
Flash EEPROM memory

RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY(RAM)	READ ONLY MEMORY(ROM)
Volatile	Non-Volatile
Both Read and Write	Only Read
Data is Temporary	Data is Permanent(Reusable)
Faster While Programming	Slower
High Cost	Low Cost
Larger in Size	Smaller in Size

OPERATING SYSTEMS (OS)

Operating System is a type of software that allows computer hardware to communicate with software. A computer without OS is a mere machine

Ex: DOS (Disk Operating System), Linux, Solaris

Types of operating systems

1. Graphical User Interface (GUI)

GUI is an interface, which allows us to interact with electronic devices like mobiles, gaming devices and Mp3 players using some graphical icons

Ex:Windows 98, Windows CE, System 7.X

2. Multi-user operating system

Application software which allows multiple users to access the computer with time sharing system

Ex: Linux, UNIX, Windows 2000

3. Multiprocessor operating system

An operating system which supports the utilization of two or more processors on single computer